There are four video compression formats that are consistently used for transmitting video over the internet. How do they compare against each other?

First, let’s see what each of them is about:

• AV1, an open video coding format for transmissions over the Internet, is still very appealing for broad use because it’s free of royalties. 
• EVC (Essential Video Coding) inherits much of prior DCT-based codecs, but it’s also royalty-free in one of its modes. 
• HEVC (High-Efficiency Video Coding), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a video compression standard designed as a successor AVC (Advanced Video Coding).
• VVC (Versatile Video Coding) is a video compression standard.

In a test performed by an industry expert, these formats were compared against each other. AV1 is tested with special consideration in order to make the comparison a fair one. Once the technical issue is addressed, the test is run with videos ranging from 4K 10bit down to low resolution 8 bit. 

The verdict?

VVC vs HEVC: 40% better with a factor of 10 increase in encoding complexity

HEVC vs EVC: 20 to 30% improvements with 4.5x encoder complexity. 

AV1 vs HEVC: even with its fixed technical consideration, it underperformed and increased data rate 20% with only a 3x increase in complexity.